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The Abbe Jose Custodia di Faria called it lucid sleep, and drew attention to the observation that between 16-20 percent of the population was highly responsive to it (an estimate not unlike current data on high levels of hypnotic responsivity).Others, including Mesmer, had reported on the differential nature of response to what is now known as hypnosis, but Faria was the first to emphasize it and to make it the cornerstone of his position.At a superficial level, this is a plausible deduction given that, as Faria observed, such phenomena as sleep walking and talking appear to be duplicated in hypnosis.It was not until the 1950s, with the advent of the technology of the electroencephalogram (EEG) that the sleep metaphor was discarded.The sleep metaphor came to be reconciled, to a degree, with suggestibility theory in the latter part of the 19th Century in France. He also viewed suggestion as essential in actuating the hypnotic process, in which the hypnotized person became an automaton, unable to resist the demands of the hypnotist.

By contrast, the EEG of sleep consists of four distinct polygraph defined stages that run in approximately 90-minute cycles of progressively less depth throughout the night (Aserinsky & Kleitman, 1953).The final responsibility for all opinions expressed in this document is my own. Hypnosis in itself is not a science; its phenomena, though, have proven to be highly amenable to experimental research employing the methodology and procedures of scientific enquiry.The ability to hypnotize does not qualify a person to treat others; for that, a post-graduate degree in psychiatry or clinical psychology allied to a solid grounding in hypnotic phenomena are required.It concluded that the effects observed were the product of imagination, imitation and touch, and that the main contributing factor was imagination.As will be seen later, imagination still has considerable currency in much theorizing about hypnosis; it is now considered central to understanding the manner in which hypnosis quite often alleviates a variety of medical difficulties, in situations such as clinical pain, where drugs and/or surgery have been ineffective (Melzack & Perry, 1975).